by AST Sports Science | Questions & Answers
An overwhelming amount of evidence indicates that blood testosterone levels govern a person’s potential to build muscle. More testosterone – more muscle growth potential. Drug-free bodybuilders and athlete should do everything they can to optimize natural...
by Paul Cribb Ph.D. CSCS. | Questions & Answers
A gain in body fat occurs from consuming a greater energy (calorie) intake than the body utilizes. It is a person’s habitual daily calorie intake overall rather than the consumption of a particular macronutrient (carbohydrate, protein or fat), that determines any...
by AST Sports Science | Questions & Answers
A recent study took a close look at the effects of weight training on fat oxidation (burning). This study used trained participants which is pertinent as most others have only involved college students that did not train with weights regularly. In this study, fat...
by Paul Cribb Ph.D. CSCS. | Research
A food’s glycemic index (GI) indicates how rapidly it increases blood sugar levels after consumption. In humans, low GI food choices are shown to promote steady, lower insulin and blood glucose responses. As part of a calorie-controlled eating plan, this is thought to...
by AST Sports Science | Research
There are a lot of misconceptions about anabolic steroids and their side-effects. The main reason for this is that there is no data on long term steroid use in the dosages used by athletes. In terms of affecting the heart, a group of Italian researchers have utilized...
by AST Sports Science | Questions & Answers
Studies continue to confirm the performance-enhancing effects of BETA-X and as a cyclist you are sure to see a boost. You’ll see an increase in both sprint power and greater time to exhaustion. In other words, you’ll ride faster and stronger for longer. A...
by Paul Cribb Ph.D. CSCS. | Questions & Answers
Yohimbine is derived from the bark of several trees, most notably Pausinystalia yohimbe and Corynanthe yohimbe. Yohimbine has been marketed as a testosterone booster but I’m not sure how that one came about ― there is no science-based evidence to suggest yohimbine has...
by Paul Cribb Ph.D. CSCS. | Research
Glutamine is largely synthesized in skeletal muscles and provides fuel to rapidly dividing cells of the immune system and precursors to gluconeogenesis in the liver. Physical exercise is known to affect glutamine synthesis and to modulate glutamine uptake....
by Paul Cribb Ph.D. CSCS. | Research
Science has established that supplementation with creatine monohydrate increases lean body mass, muscle fiber hypertrophy and strength during resistance training. These beneficial effects are thought to occur via the accumulation of creatine in skeletal muscle where...
